Alcohol Use

Alcoholic drinks refer to any drink that contains the chemical ethanol, one of the family of chemicals called alcohols.  

Ethanol is a psychoactive substance produced by the fermentation of sugars in various substances like grains, fruits, and vegetables.

Alcohol production is a natural process of  that occurs in some microorganisms as part of their respiration. Humans have been using this process to make alcoholic drinks for more than 9,000 years. The main microorganism that is used is Yeast : 

Yeast is a single-celled member of the fungi family and can be found naturally all over the world, in over 1500 different species. It is the Yeast's respiration process and waste products that make it so useful. The carbon dioxide production of yeast is used in bread making and the ethanol production of yeast is used in alcoholic drink production.

The following formula describes the respiration of Yeast:-

The carbon dioxide production of yeast is used in bread making and the ethanol production of yeast is used in alcoholic drink production.

Bread Making 

Yeast is essential in making bread rise. When Yeast is added to a dough, the Yeast uses the sugars in the dough for respiration. By leaving the dough in a warm place for a short time (this is known as "proving" the dough) the Carbon Dioxide released by the Yeast causes the dough to double in size. It is this release of Carbon Dioxide that causes the bread to rise.

Alcohol Making

Yeast is essential in making alcoholic drinks. When Yeast is added to a sugary solution, the Yeast uses the sugars in the liquid for respiration, in a process known as Fermentation.

This respiration releases Ethanol as a waste product, making the liquid alcoholic.

The Effects of Alcohol

Alcohol is a psychoactive substance. This means that this is a chemical that changes brain function and results in alterations in perception, mood, consciousness, cognition, or behavior :

Alcohol does not just affect the brain, it affects all the body's organs. 

It can damage the brain, leading to tissue shrinkage, cognitive impairment, and an increased risk of dementia and stroke. 

The liver is particularly vulnerable to damage due to alcohol, with the long term abuse of alcohol causing Liver cirrhosis and cancer. 

Alcohol also increases the risk of heart disease, high blood pressure, and weakens the heart muscle.

It also increases the risk of developing various cancers, including those of the mouth, throat, esophagus, liver, breast, and colon. 

The digestive systemcan also be damaged, increasing the likelihood of stomach ulcers and pancreatitis. 

The reproductive systems can be damaged causing sexual dysfunction, and drinking alcohol through pregnancy can cause damage to the foetus resulting in Foetal Alcohol Syndrome. 

The material discussed above can be difficult for some and that's ok. If you feel that you have been affected this material, please reach out to someone you trust, either at home or at school. 

Below are links to online support that can also be of use to a young person with concerns regarding their (or others) alcohol consumption and its effects on their health

YoungMinds

YoungMinds is a UK wide charity fighting for children and young people's mental health. YoungMinds also provide advice on coping with addiction, as well as drug and alcohol abuse. 

With You

WithYou is a drug, alcohol and mental health support charity. With over 80 services across England and Scotland, they provide free and confidential support and advice to more than 100,000 people a year.

Circle

Circle is a charity that works with communities across central Scotland.   They work with families facing multiple disadvantages because of structural inequality, poverty, drug and alcohol use, imprisonment, physical or mental health, trauma, abuse, and loss.

Childline

ChildLine is a counselling service for children and young people. You can contact ChildLine anytime and in these ways; You can phone, send an email, have a 1-2-1 chat, send a message to Ask Sam and you can post messages to the ChildLine message boards.